ilk » elk

Classification: English

Spotted in the wild:

  • Without addressing these issues, NOW and others have nothing to offer the average Jane and in consequence, have allowed Sarah Palin and her elk to define women’s issues. (New York Times Opinionator blog comment, Dec 4, 2009)
  • My believe, today, is that this fool POTUS and his elk will crash and burn under their own wight. (lucianne.com forum comment, Dec 4, 2009)
  • Her [Lakiha Spicer] and her elk are low quality people. (The Hollywood gossip blog comment, June 17, 2009)
  • Why can’t we, as a society, treat eachother with a bit of respect and give Madonna and her elk the 1st class treatment she deserves! (London Evening Standard comment, July 28, 2009)

Analyzed or reported by:

There is no obvious semantic link between the noun _ilk_ “sort, kind” and the animal of the family Cervidae, so this substitution surprises at first and cast doubt on its status as a genuine eggcorn.

Occurrences of _X and his/her/their elk_ are, however, readily found in online writing, and some of them are clearly systematic and non-accidental: The writer for _Leadership Nigeria_ employs the expression no less than 5 times.

On Language Log, reporting on Nancy Friedman’s original Sarah Palin example, Ben Zimmer offers some thoughts on what may be going on here:

> There’s nothing in the comment to suggest that this substitution was the result of intentional wordplay, but it’s hard not to think that the slip was influenced by Palin’s well-documented love of hunting big game in Alaska like moose and caribou. […] And perhaps the commenter is from a part of the country where milk is pronounced as [mÉ›lk] (say, Pittsburgh, Utah, or Washington State), rendering ilk and elk homophonous, or nearly so. Add the fact that ilk is a low-frequency word that lingers in crystallized idiomatic usage (”of X’s ilk,” “X and his/her/its/their ilk”), and it’s clear to see that this is a prime candidate for eggcornization.

Meanwhile in the Eggcorn Forum, our regular contributor Kem Luther finds a particular affinity between Sarah Palin and the _ilk>elk_ eggcorn, thereby strengthening Ben Zimmer’s point of a Palin -> Alaska -> elk connection:

* _And it is Palin and her elk that are running everyone else out of the republican party._ (Reader comment on Talking Points Memo)
* _i would rather be in hell first, than have anything to do with Christians like Sarah Palin and her Elk._ (Castlebar.ie forum)

This is notwithstanding the fact that _Cervus canadensis_ is not specifically typical for Alaska. On the other hand, British English admits _elk_ for the animal called _moose_ in American English - compare with _Elch_ in German - and it should be noted that some of the cites are from British and Irish sources. (More on this topic in Bill Poser’s LL post.)

But to paraphrase commenter marie-lucie on Ben Zimmer’s article, if there is Artemis and her stag, why not Sarah Palin and her elk?

As the examples, show, however, the substitution is more than a Palin-specific nonce-eggcorn. It may still be questionable, used by writers who pronounce _ilk_ as [É›lk] ans spell it phonetically; or it may reflect a genuine ideation of a cervid stand-in for the extension of the person who is the target of the speaker’s, or writer’s, finger-pointing.

| Comments Off link | entered by Chris Waigl, 2009/12/11 |

cacophony » cacoughany

Classification: English

Spotted in the wild:

  • I tell her what I’m looking for as we enter the room, whereupon all hell breaks loose. Everything from three massive macaws down to dozens of teeny finches make an unbelievable cacoughany. I wince, barely managing to not cover my ears. (LiveJournal post, Jul 9, 2007)
  • The sound of frustrated youth crashed unto the floor. Him standing ready, like ready to axe through the biggest oak tree. The speakers sound in cacoughany… (myspace blog post, Feb 27, 2005)
  • Unfortunately I as coming home one night after a movie when the manifold finally gave way under their evil yet devastating efforts and my car roared into a cacoughany of puffing, snapping, screeching, and overall noise not too far from what you would expect from someone chain sawing a herd of donkeys. (myspace blog post, Sep 26, 2007)
  • “That kids crazy mother beat me up with a broom!” The redneck said pointing my way and you could’ve heard a pin drop in the three full seconds of silence that followed before Tom Reynolds exploded with a cacoughany of laughter and saliva all over the rednecks’ swollen face. (personal page, retrieved Aug 22, 2009 Nov 11, 2006)
  • As the song reaches it’s height with a total cacoughany of sounds. I see the horrific sight of Hincapie peddling, arms flailing, out of control with a broken steerer tube, inevitably crashing hard and ending his race. (blog post, Nov 11, 2006)

Analyzed or reported by:

_Cacophony_, from Greek κακός (kakos, “bad”) + φωνή (phonē, “voice”), has been around in English since the mid-1600s at least, according to Merriam-Webster. Analogous words with close to the same sense exist in French (cacophonie), Spanish (cacofonía), German (Kakofonie), Norwegian (kakofoni) and many other languages.

Coughing, as Peter Forster notes in his Eggcorn forum post, “makes a harsh and discordant noise, and it seems reasonable to suppose that those using a ‘cacoughany’ spelling may have made some association between the two and have entered, therefore, eggcorn territory.” When _cacoughany_ refers to a specific sound the word can be understood as describing it as as harsh and unpleasant as coughing.

There are quite a few other spelling variants, such as _cacoughony_ (which looks eggcornish) or _cacoffini_ (which looks more like spelling-by-ear, without any plausible link to _coffin_).

| Comments Off link | entered by Chris Waigl, 2009/08/23 |

tract » track

Classification: English – final d/t-deletion

Spotted in the wild:

  • Historic farms were self contained and self supporting consisting of different tracks of land. (link)
  • Moreover, there are huge tracks of idle land in the country that is owned by individuals who inherited them from their predecessors. The unfortunate thing about these tracks of land is that they have been fenced off making it impossible for anyone to utilise them – in any case the lawyers would advise the owners not to let others use the land and to avoid the passing of ownership by adverse possession, etc. (link)
  • Environmentalists also demand that vast tracks of land be put into wilderness areas without roads and prohibit vehicles of any sort. (link)
| 2 comments | link | entered by David Romano, 2005/08/11 |

bed » bread

Chiefly in:   bread and breakfast

Classification: English

Spotted in the wild:

  • “Finding the right hotel, hostel, bread and breakfast or temporary lodgings at the right prices for the East Village and New York City area.” (link)
  • “The Athena Hotel is a lovely family run bread and breakfast hotel, in a restored Victorian listed building, professionally designed and tastefully decorated, offering guests the ambience and warmth necessary for a relaxing and enjoyable stay.” (link)
  • “Information on rural real estate, hunting land, acreage, recreational property, farms, ranches, hunting & fishing retreats, timber, bread and breakfasts, motels, hotels, country stores, bars, cafes, taverns, more… “ (link)

Cites supplied to me by Tommy Grano.

Some Google statistics (on 18 May 2005):
“bed and breakfast”: ca. 6,030,000 web hits
“bread and breakfast”: ca. 13,400 web hits
“bred and breakfast”: ca. 872 web hits
(a great many of them from non-US/UK sites)

The “bred and breakfast” cites probably have “bred” as a misspelling for “bread”. The very large number of “bread and breakfast” cites argues that this is no inadvertent error (with the “br” of “bread” anticipating the “br” of “breakfast”).

| 2 comments | link | entered by Arnold Zwicky, 2005/05/06 |

slings » stings

Chiefly in:   stings and arrows

Classification: English – citational

Spotted in the wild:

  • To be or not to be that is the question. Whether it is nobler in the mind to suffer the stings and arrows of outrageous fortune, or take up arms against a sea of troubles, and by opposing them, end them. (TPCN Great Quotations)
  • Sovereignties are often seen in a battle arrayed in shining armor and civilizations tend to fall between these tools and suffer the stings and arrows of misfortune. (UNESCO)
  • Liberals have since the founding of this country moved it FORWARD. Unflinchingly and with tremendous courage. They have taken the stings and arrows of their fellow man and turned them into the reason for their struggle. (link)

“stings and arrows” gets 331 hits on Google

“slings and arrows”, gets 130,000 hits on Google

The original is from Hamlet’s Shakespeare, and it is a biblical reference, I believe.

On the SHAKSPER mailing list, Hardy M. Cook reports:

> But this time I got up and pulled down Harold Jenkins’s Arden edition and
checked his footnotes. Although Jenkins suspects that the line should read
“stings and arrows of outrageous fortune,” he cites no examples of the arrows
of fortune. (Neither does the Furness variorum.)
>
> I checked the OED1 under “slings,” and found example after example of the union
of “slingers and archers, slings and bows”–the light artillery of
pre-gunpowder warfare. Jenkins found only one example in Golding’s translation
of Caesar’s Gallic Wars. I see no need for an emendation of
“slings” to “stings.” Under “fortune,” I found no reference to “fortune’s
arrows.” […]
>
> Both “slings” and “arrows” had a figurative use by Shakespeare’s time (and
probably much earlier), indicating the “power” of certain abstractions. So, one
could talk about, say, the slings of conscience. Perhaps there was no
tradition in which Fortune was pictured as an archer.

See also _strings and arrows_.

| 1 comment | link | entered by glyphobet, 2005/02/22 |